Improvement in casting metal window-sashes



UNITED STAT-Es PATENT OFFICE.,

'rnoMAs J. sLoAN, oF'NnW'fYo'nK, n.. y.'

IMPROVEMENT 1N CASTING-METAL wmno'w-snsm-:sl

Specilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 12,035, dated December.5,.1854 z Be itknown that I, THOMAS J. SLQAN, of the city, county, andState of New York, have invented a new'and'useful Improvement in theMethod of Casting Window-Sashes, of which the following is a full,clear, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making part of this specil vfication, in .which- Figure lis aface view of asash cast on my improved plan as it is taken from themold,

and Figs. 2 and 3 sections thereof taken the lines A a and B b of Fig.1.

, The same `letters indicate like parts `in all the figures.

It is important that the side and end rails of window-sashes,vparticularly. theside rails,

should be straight, n account of fitting the Window-frames accuratelyl.

. Cast-iron sashes havev long been recognized as presentingmanyadvantages over wooden sashes; but the use ot' them hasb'een much'retarded on account ofthe diiiculty' o f cast ingthern with the end andside rails straight,

particularly thelatter.4 And this diiculty arises from the fact that theside and end rails are connected aty given distances apart, dependingonvthc intended size of the glass, by bars that extend fromI side railto side/rail .and from end rail to end rail; and also from the factthat'cast-i-ron lin cooling contracts at the rate of about one-eighth ofan inch to the foot. And as the form of the sash to be east isirstrnolded in sand, Src., it follows that as.

the barsconnecting the rail's lcontract in cool- 'ing they draw therails inward, while the other portions ot' the lengthv ofthe rails areheld lback by the sand or other substance of Lth'e m old,and inconsequence of these two opposing forces tlierails,l when .the sashesare taken out ot' the molds, vare found to be bent between the points ofconnection with the bars, the'extentoil which will depend upon vthedistance betweenthe connecting-bars, and .somewhat upon the quality ofthe iron and the firmness ofthe mold.

The object of my invention vis toiavoid this defect in the making ofcast-'metal sashes; and to this end the nature of mygin'vention consistsin casting metal sashes with a net-work or military bars connected with-the rails and be f en the bars for the reception of the glass,

and so near together that in the process of -cooling and contractingthey will drawI theA railsinward along their entire length to the sameextent as the bars forvthe reception of:

the glass, and thus 'not only produce sashes vwith straight rails, butof greater-strength than whencast'in theusual way, for the auxi iliarybars or net-work will take a portion' ot"` the strain,- whichy otherwisewould be sustained wholly-by the main bars in theprogress ofcontraction, and thus render them less lia.-y

blc to break.

In the accompanying drawings, a a represent the side rails of a`castironsash, b b the f end rails, and c c and d d' the cross and longiv tudinalmain bars, formed with rabbets'vforth'e In each open space for thereception of a pane of glass there arev reception of the glass.

longitudinaland cross auxiliarybars 'e e and f f, and so arranged as tobe iu line throughout the length and breadth'ot thesash. The

number ot' these auxiliary bars will depend upon the size of the spacebetween the vmain bars, and they should b eI sufficiently numerous toinsure the keeping ofthe rails straight in the process of contraction. i

In cast-ing sash forftwelve-bysixteen panes" .I have found twolongitudinal and two'cross bars sutiicient. These `auxiliary bars shouldhe reduced in size at their junction withfthe rails and main bars, asrepresented 'in -tlfe drawings, so that afterthe casting has cooled downthey can be readily cut or broken out. The thickness of metal at thejunction should bejust suiicient'to insure the drawing in lot" the railsagainst the resistance of the mold in the process of'contraction'. y I

The. proportions represented. in the draw? ings I hye found to answer agood purpose in practice. l

I wish it to be distinctly.understood that I do not iimit myself to thenumber or magnitude of the auxiliary bars to be used, as these 'may bevaried -to suit circumstances, as before

